The drum is an associate of the percussion group of musical equipment. Within the Hornbostel-Sachs classification system, it is just a membranophone.[1] Drums contain at least one membrane, called a drumhead or drum epidermis, that is extended more than a shell and struck, either immediately with the player's hands, or with a drum keep, to produce audio. There is generally a resonance at once the underside of the drum, typically tuned to a just a bit lower pitch than the most notable drumhead. Other techniques have been used to cause drums to make sound, like the thumb roll. Drums are the world's oldest & most ubiquitous musical musical instruments, and the basic design has remained unchanged for thousands of years virtually.[1]Drums may be played separately, with the ball player using a solitary drum, and some drums including the djembe are almost always played in this way. Others are played in a set of several normally, all played by the one player, such as bongo timpani and drums. A number of different drums with cymbals form the essential modern drum kit alongside one another.
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Drums are usually enjoyed by striking with the palm, or with a couple of sticks. In lots of traditional ethnicities, drums have a symbolic function and are used in spiritual ceremonies. Drums are often used in music therapy, especially hand drums, for their tactile aspect and easy use by a wide variety of people.[2]In popular music and jazz, "drums" usually identifies a drum set or a set of drums (with some cymbals), and "drummer" to the person who takes on them.Drums acquired even divine status in places such as Burundi, where in fact the karyenda was a symbol of the power of the king.Construction[edit]Drum transported by John Unger, Company B, 40th Regiment New York Veteran Volunteer Infantry Mozart Regiment, December 20, 1863The shell almost invariably has a circular starting over that your drumhead is extended, but the shape of the rest of the shell varies widely. In the western musical traditions, the most regular condition is a cylinder, although timpani, for example, use bowl-shaped shells.[1] Other shapes include a framework design (tar, Bodhr?n), truncated cones (bongo drums, Ashiko), goblet molded (djembe), and signed up with truncated cones (speaking drum).Drums with cylindrical shells can be open at one end (as is the case with timbales), or can have two drum heads. Single-headed drums typically contain a pores and skin extended over an enclosed space, or over one of the ends of the hollow vessel. Drums with two mind covering both ends of a cylindrical shell often have a small hole somewhat halfway between your two minds; the shell varieties a resonating chamber for the producing sound. Exceptions include the African slit drum, also called a log drum as it is made from a hollowed-out tree trunk, and the Caribbean metal drum, made from a material barrel. Drums with two minds can have a set of wiring also, called snares, organised across the bottom head, top mind, or both relative heads, hence the name snare drum.[1]
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On modern group and orchestral drums, the drumhead is placed over the opening of the drum, which in turn is organised onto the shell by the "counterhoop" (or "rim"), which is then held by means of lots of tuning screws called "tension rods" that screw into lugs positioned evenly about the circumference. The head's tension can be altered by loosening or tightening the rods. Many such drums have six to ten tension rods. The audio of a drum depends on many variables--including condition, shell thickness and size, shell materials, counterhoop material, drumhead material, drumhead stress, drum position, location, and eye-catching perspective and velocity.[1]
File:Drum container.jpg Wikimedia Commons
Before the invention of stress rods, drum skins were attached and tuned by rope systems--as on the Djembe--or pegs and ropes such as on Ewe Drums. Today these methods are rarely used, though sometimes appear on regimental marching strap snare drums.[1] The top of an talking drum, for example, can be temporarily tightened by squeezing the ropes that hook up the top and bottom heads. Similarly, the tabla is tuned by hammering a disc held in place round the drum by ropes stretching from the top to bottom head. Orchestral timpani can be quickly tuned to precise pitches by utilizing a foot pedal.Sound of the drum[edit]Several American Indian-style drums on the market at the National Museum of the North american Indian.Several factors determine the audio a drum produces, like the type, shape and construction of the drum shell, the sort of drum heads it has, and the strain of these drumheads. Different drum does sound have different uses in music. Take, for example, the present day Tom-tom drum. A jazz drummer may want drums that are high pitched, resonant and tranquil whereas a rock and roll drummer might favor drums that are loud, dry and low-pitched. Since these drummers want different sounds, their drums are constructed a little differently.The drum head has the most effect how a drum noises. Each kind of drum mind serves its own musical purpose and has its unique audio. Double-ply drumheads dampen high frequency harmonics because they're heavier and they're suitable for heavy playing.[3] Drum minds with a white, textured finish on them muffle the overtones of the drum mind slightly, creating a less diverse pitch. Drum heads with central metallic or dark-colored dots tend to muffle the overtones even more. And drum heads with perimeter audio rings typically eliminate overtones (Howie 2005). Some jazz drummers stay away from thick drum minds, preferring solitary ply drum heads or drum mind with no muffling
Description Darbuka drum 1.JPG
The second biggest factor that affects drum audio is head anxiety resistant to the shell. When the hoop is placed around the drum head and shell and tightened down with tension rods, the strain of the head can be changed. When the strain is increased, the amplitude of the sound is reduced and the frequency is increased, making the pitch higher and the quantity lower.
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